Venezuela

High

Venezuela · country · capital Caracas

Risk score

composite (0–110)

Homicides / 100k

annual rate

Population

28,000,000

Active groups

with known territorial presence

Situation

Tren de Aragua expanded across LatAm and into US. Cartel de los Soles describes state-tolerated trafficking network (US DOJ indictment of Maduro 2020). Sindicatos Mineros control illegal gold mining in Bolívar; Tren del Llano runs central plains. Maduro regime contested 2024 election. ~7.7M migrants since 2015.

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Active armed groups

Ejército de Liberación Nacional
extortionkidnappingcocaineillegal mining
FARC-EP Dissidents
cocaineextortionillegal mining
Segunda Marquetalia
cocaine
Tren de Aragua
extortionhuman traffickingkidnappingnarcomenudeo
Colectivos
state-aligned violencenarcomenudeoextortion
'Ndrangheta (Calabrian mafia)
cocaine wholesale (Europe-bound)money launderingEuropean port logistics
Cártel de los Soles
cocaine wholesalefuel smugglingillegal gold exportweapons trafficking
Sindicatos Mineros (Guayana)
illegal gold miningextortion of minerskidnappingfuel smuggling
Tren del Llano
extortionkidnappingcattle rustlinghighway robbery

Coordinates

Lat

6.42

Lon

-66.59